What is the role of the placenta during pregnancy?

The placenta plays a vital role in supporting the developing fetus during pregnancy, primarily by providing oxygen and nutrients while also facilitating the removal of waste products. It serves as a critical interface between the mother and the fetus, allowing for essential exchanges that are crucial for fetal development. The fetal blood vessels within the placenta are surrounded by maternal blood, allowing for oxygen and nutrients to diffuse from the mother to the fetus while also allowing carbon dioxide and other waste products to diffuse back to the mother for elimination.

While the placenta does produce certain hormones that are essential for maintaining pregnancy and supporting fetal growth, stating that it produces hormones only does not capture the full scope of its functions. Additionally, the placenta does not store fat for the fetus; instead, it serves as a transport mechanism. Lastly, while the placenta contributes to the nutrition of the fetus, it is not accurate to say that it serves as the baby's first food in the sense of storing or providing food like traditional sources do. Its primary role is in nutrient and gas exchange, making it indispensable for the health and development of the fetus throughout the pregnancy.