What is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity?

Prematurity is recognized as the leading cause of neonatal morbidity due to its significant impact on the health of newborns. Premature infants, particularly those born before 32 weeks gestation, face numerous challenges, including respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, and higher rates of infection. These complications arise because their organs, particularly the lungs and brain, are often underdeveloped, making them vulnerable to a variety of health issues.

Statistics show that infants born preterm are more likely to experience short-term and long-term health problems, affecting their development and overall survival. Furthermore, prematurity can lead to extended hospital stays and greater healthcare needs, which contributes to the overall burden of neonatal morbidity.

While genetic disorders, inadequate prenatal care, and infections during pregnancy are significant factors in neonatal health, they do not have the same prevalence or impact on immediate neonatal morbidity as prematurity. Thus, prematurity stands out as a critical area of focus for healthcare providers aiming to improve neonatal outcomes.